SCRIPT:
There are many different types of Bee, but perhaps the most fascinating of all is
the honey bee. And not simply because it makes honey, which is quite delicious.
There is much more to this insect than meets the eye.
Bees are incredibly busy insects and work
up to eight hours a day during the spring and summer to make honey. There are
three different ranks of honeybee, workers drones and the queen. The ones that
collect nectar to make the honey are worker bees. They begin this job at only
three weeks old.
This honey bee began her life in a beehive
which contains 50,000 to 100,000 bees.
The queen bee lays tiny white eggs inside
the beehive, around 1,500 everyday during the spring and summer, She lays these
eggs in cell chambers.
Most of the eggs that hatch will become
worker bees. These are all female. The other eggs become male and these are
called drones. A drone’s only job in it’s life is to mate with the queen, he
does no other work at all. After a drone has mated with the queen he dies.
The egg develops into a larva, which is fed
royal jelly, this comes out of a gland from a worker bees head. When the larva
is 3 days old the worker bee starts feeding it beebread, a mixture of honey and
pollen.
Once the larva is five days old the worker
bees will seal the cell with wax. The larva then covers herself with a cocoon,
and becomes a pupa. For the next three weeks the Pupa will transform and change
until she has become a full grown bee!
She then bites her way through the wax seal
on her cell and begins to clean the hive. The queen will not lay eggs in a
dirty cell so the worker bees get rid of leftover bits of wax, cocoon and dirt
from the empty cells. They get rid of these things by eating it!
It takes between 15 and 30 bees 40 minutes
to clean a cell.
So for the first three days of a bees life
she cleans, and cleans and cleans.
After that she feeds the larvae and checks
them. Nurse bees check on each larva more than a thousand times a day.
The bees body then begins producing wax, it
comes from the glands within a bees abdomen. She uses this wax to build the
cells in which the queen lays her eggs. Though some of the cells will be used
to store honey. This is called honeycomb. These cells are tilted so the honey
doesn’t drip out.
The bees then take care of the queen by
cleaning her, carrying away her waste, grooming her and even gathering around
her with other worker bees and flapping their wings to cool her off.
Soon the worker bee stops making as much
wax. Her new main job is to unload the nectar other bees bring to the hive. She
will eat some of it and store the rest in the honey cells.
She begs the other bees for the nectar by
beating her antennae against the antennae for the bee that has been out
collecting nectar. She puts her tongue into the bee’s mouth and eats the nectar
that the other bee regurgitates. This nectar is stored in the bees honey
stomach. Which is separate from her other stomach.
A bee’s body has three different sections,
it’s head, its thorax, and it’s abdomen.
Each part of a bee though has a special
function that helps them do their work. The bees eye can track the position of
the sun and uses this to navigate to flowers and back to the hive. Their wings
enable them to fly. Their hind leg has a pollen basket that stores pollen
collected from flowers. It also has a pollen brush which rubs pollen from one
plant, onto others as the bee travels from flower to flower. This pollenates the
flower. The bee also has a stinger for defense.
When a worker bee is just over two weeks
old she begins to guard the hive. Guard bees stay at the entrance of the hive
and protect the colony from wasps, animals, and other bees who would try to
steal the honey!
Guard bees recognize bees from their hive
because of their smell. The queens smell and taste is passed from bee to bee
when they pass on food, therefore all the bees from the same colony smell the
same.
A bee will defend against animals by using
her stinger, this sting stays in the animals skin and part of her insides also
stay there. Once a bee has stung it will die. The smell given off by a bee’s
sting is similar to that of a banana. Other bees are drawn to this smell and
try to stink in the same area.
When the bee is three weeks old it begins
collecting nectar. She lands on a plant and sucks the nectar through her
proboscis, a long flexible tube on her head. She collects as much as she can
carry and then flies back to the hive. This nectar is brought back to the hive
where other worker bees will store it in honey cells. The water in the nectar
evaporates and this makes the nectar become thick. It becomes honey.
A worker bee lives for about six weeks in
the spring and summer. Three of those weeks are spent gathering nectar, making
about 400 trips. She only makes about seven grams of honey in her life!
So when you next taste some delicious
honey, remember the honey bee and how hard it has worked to make it!
No comments:
Post a Comment